While I disagree with much of what spaced monduke here says, as you'll see in my response, I will start off by saying that his argument was much better stated than the average one made by those on his side of the debate here, and is the kind of thing people should shoot for. Reasonably well thought out points, made in coherent sentences mostly devoid of ad hominem attacks, lies, and useless generalizations. It's really not that hard.
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Originally posted by spacedmonduke
The politicization of this issue continues to amaze me. When you look at the immigration policies of most countries around the world they are much more aggressive and exclusive than the policy of the U.S. (assuming its being enforced fully).
So? Yes, Iran and North Korea (among many others) have much more restrictive immigration policies. Why does this matter? Immigration and human rights policy isn't an arena in which one should strive to be the lowest denominator. The US Declaration of Independence declares "all men are created equal." ALL men. Regardless of national origin, culture, etc. If that edict--a foundational ethos upon which the United States' claim to legitimacy was based--is to mean anything, it must be universally applied.
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Originally posted by spacedmonduke
First, it is a fact that illegal immigrants are a real drain on the resources of the communities where they live. They consume all manner of public money from public education of their children to ER visits which are covered through extra charges to the people who actually have insurance.
First, if they have children who are in school they pay for their children to go to school. Public education in this country is funded predominantly by property taxes. You know who pays property taxes? People who live in properties. So, unless these school-going immigrants are living on the streets, they're paying property taxes, and thus paying for their schooling.
Second, what you describe about hospitals charging more for uninsured ER visits is called "cost shifting." The truth is that there is very little cost shifting that occurs in healthcare due to the uninsured.
From the WSJ:
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703560404576189012255187694.html
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A study conducted by George Mason University Prof. Jack Hadley and John Holahan, Teresa Coughlin and Dawn Miller of the Urban Institute, and published in the journal Health Affairs in 2008, found that so-called cost shifting raises private health insurance premiums by a negligible amount. The study’s authors conclude: “Private insurance premiums are at most 1.7 percent higher because of the shifting of the costs of the uninsured to private insurance.” For the typical insurance plan, this amounts to approximately $80 per year.
There have been similar results from other studies. I can dig them up and link them if you like.
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Originally posted by spacedmonduke
How much of that is offset by taxes is a debatable question. Many illegals do pay some taxes, but it is an open question as to how much because we don't know how many there actually are and how much money they actually contribute.
Well, I guess it's debatable, but economists and statisticians make estimates of these things, which are usually pretty close to accurate:
Wiki:
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IRS estimates that about 6 million unauthorized immigrants file individual income tax returns each year.[21] Research reviewed by the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office indicates that between 30 percent and 50 percent of unauthorized immigrants pay federal, state, and local taxes.[21] illegal immigrants are estimated to pay in about $7 billion per year into Social Security.[26] In addition, they spend millions of dollars per year, which supports the US economy and helps to create new jobs. The Texas State Comptroller reported in 2006 that the 1.4 million illegal immigrants in Texas alone added almost $18 billion to the state's budget, and paid $1.2 billion in state services they used.[27]
And all legally-residing Americans benefit from this:
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Illegal immigrants pay social security payroll taxes but are not eligible for benefits. During 2006, Standard & Poor's analysts wrote: "Each year, for example, the U.S. Social Security Administration maintains roughly $6 billion to $7 billion of Social Security contributions in an "earnings suspense file"—an account for W-2 tax forms that cannot be matched to the correct Social Security number. The vast majority of these numbers are attributable to illegal workers who will never claim their benefits."[30]
So when grandpa collects his Social Security check, he can thank the local undocumented immigrants for a portion of it.
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Originally posted by spacedmonduke
Second, there are other adverse economic effects of the illegal immigrant population. In general they are unskilled workers (or unable to work in skilled positions because they lack the ability to become certified). In our current economy with a high unemployment rate among the citizenry, particularly in low skill jobs, a dramatic increase in low skill workers is likely to increase unemployment further. This is a drain in two ways: first, it limits the productivity of the existing population, and second, it results in even more public welfare spending.
A few problems here. First, there hasn't been a "dramatic increase" in low-skilled workers. When economic times are good people come to the US for jobs, but when they are not good people
don't so much come here. Generally, there's a fairly steady stream of immigrant workers when there are jobs available.
Second, high levels of unemployment are a boon for business, regardless of the cause. High unemployment allows them to keep labor costs depressed and increases the skill level of the available talent on the market. Now, this is not an ideal situation for individual workers, because they've essentially lost all of their bargaining power, but it is great for businesses and shareholders of those businesses.
Corporate profits are at an all time high.
But read that above link. It's no coincidence that corporate profits are at an all time high while wages as a percent of the economy are at an all time low. Businesses are hugely economically successful right now, but they're not putting any of that success back into the wages of the people who work for them. That's not the fault of illegal immigrants, that's the result of business shifting their collective goals toward profit maximization over employee retention and loyalty. Some of that is the result of globalization. And some the 2007 recession that put a ton of people into the job market. And poor monetary policy. And poor fiscal policy (much of which is the fault of those businesses that are recording record profits, as they wield undue influence on policymakers). The causes for this shift are myriad, ideological, and systemic. In other words, it's a LOT more than just "illegals taking our jerbs."
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Originally posted by spacedmonduke
Third, there is a real concern about controlling who comes and goes in the country. The citizens of a country have a right to control who they invite to join them as citizens or even just resident aliens.
I admit that this is where I'm going to get a bit radical, but, why?
Why do the citizens of one country have the right to control who can come there? Do I have a right to control who my neighbor is? Should I?
Why should one set of people have the ability to live in work in one place solely because they emerged from their mother's womb in that place, while others, who emerged from their mother's womb on the other side of some arbitrarily drawn line on a map have no such rights? Does that seem fair? What if any of us were born in Mexico City, or Calcutta, or Tehran? Would that make us unworthy of living in the United States, England, or any other place on Earth?
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Originally posted by sm
This is because having the right sort of immigrants can boost economic growth as well as provide cultural benefits.
Should economic growth trump humanity? If people are trying to escape the violence of Ciudad Juarez, for example, how does it make you feel to say, "No, you cannot flee to the United States because your presence doesn't boost the economy enough?" That seems...inhumane.
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Originally posted by sm
There is nothing wrong with recognizing that no matter how much we might like to we cannot accommodate everyone who would like to come to the United States. Having a debate about how many immigrants we can accommodate and who they should be is all well and good but we must recognize that limits will have to be set somewhere.
I recognize this. It's also not a problem. The United States has plenty of space available. Montana's basically empty, and it's really big. It's just that billions of people do not want to come to the United States, so it's no big deal, really. The US has the capacity to accommodate basically everyone who would want to live there, and it would be better for it were it to do just that.
And jobs are scalable. New York City hasn't become a bastion of unemployed layabouts because there are too many people there. What happens is that as your population increases there becomes a larger demand for goods and services. Those firms that provide said services then have to employ more people. Those employed people then require more goods and services, and the next thing you know you've got a stew cookin'.
I think a nation should probably try to prohibit other nations from sending their miscreants and people with violent tendencies to other places, so there is a legitimate defense of prohibiting some immigration, but, in my formulation at least, it would be quite limited.
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Originally posted by sm
Fourth, the illegal immigration problem has given an unfair preference to people from Latin America, and particularly Mexico for no other reason than proximity.
Huh? Isn't Canada just as close to the US as Mexico is? The US-Canada border is actually much bigger than the US-Mexico border is, mileage wise. This goes back to your previous assertion in which you pointed out that the US can't accommodate everyone that might wish to immigrate. Well, as it turns out, when people live in a fairly free, affluent society, they don't have much incentive to move out of it. People don't immigrate from Mexico to the US because it's close, they immigrate because the US affords them the opportunity for a better standard of living. That's also why aside from a few hockey players and bad singers, people don't tend to migrate from Canada to the US--they already have most of the benefits which the US can bestow.
It's also why Mexicans aren't streaming into Guatemala, which also shares a border with Mexico.
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Originally posted by sm
The resulting demographic shifts may be desirable or not but again this is a debate that should be had in the context of the best interests of the United States rather than the immigrant.
Who cares about the ethno-demographic shifts? Does it matter if more of your neighbors are brown or white or yellow?
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Originally posted by sm
After all, is the refugee from Sierra Leone any less worthy of living in America than the poor Mexican? Yet the one will be allowed to live here simply because he was born closer to the United States and was able to cross a border.
Again, this isn't a mutually exclusive proposition. I'm all for letting both refugees in!
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Originally posted by sm
Finally, it is important to recognize the political motivations behind much of the debate.
I think it's important to recognize the subconscious xenophobic tribalism that motivates many of these debates.
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Originally posted by sm
The democrats are clearly motivated by a desire to increase their own voting base.
I'm neither a democrat, nor someone who cares about who votes for whom. I'm a humanist. I think people should be treated equally, regardless of where on this big ball of dirt they happened to be when they were born. That's why I believe what I believe.
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Originally posted by sn
Study after study has demonstrated that illegal immigrants are generally supportive of democrat policy ideas.
Correlation != causation.
Immigrants support people who support policies that favor immigrants. But that does not necessarily mean that those politicians support those policies in order to gain the support of that demographic. They may support those policies because--and I know this might be hard to believe--they think those policies are the right/moral/just thing to do.
For example, Martin Luther King didn't preach for Civil Rights because he wanted lots of black peoples' support, he did so because that was the moral imperative he felt, and as a result he gained the support of lots of black people (and then many more people of all races).
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Originally posted by sm
In addition, Republicans are motivated by the chamber of commerce who sees illegal immigrants as a source of cheap labor. Last, most labor unions view illegal immigrants as a large influx of new members to support their flagging numbers.
I'm tired of writing, so I'm not going to give those two sentences a detailed deconstruction, but I'll just say that's a HUGE oversimplification. The history of labor unions and their treatment of minorities is...complicated..to say the least.
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Originally posted by sm
With all that in mind it is time that people had a rational discussion of what immigration policy should be, and they should do so with both eyes open to what is really going on.
Okay, but let's also remember that it's really important to get the facts straight when we do so.
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Originally posted by sm
It is possible to oppose illegal immigration without being racist or anti-immigrant.
Sure, it's possible, I guess. But, unfortunately for the crowd that opposes illegal immigration, many of their most strident supporters are either racists or anti-immigrant.
I mean, here you tried to make an argument that illegal immigration should be viewed as a serious offense because they might harm local economies. That's not racist. But it is fairly cold and inhumane.
Then you pointed out something about demographics and about how Mexico was close to the US, and then it becomes more of a race-based argument, because, you know, Canada exists up there.
I guess what I'm saying is that it's a thin line to walk, and you have to be careful because it's easy to be unknowingly or subconsciously racist a little bit.
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Originally posted by sm
It is also possible to favor the proposed changes to immigration policy for reasons completely unrelated to maintaining "fairness," whatever that is, to the illegal immigrants.
You really don't know what "fairness" to other human beings is? You had to use scare quotes around the word?
Providing everyone who so desires it an equality of opportunity. How's that for a definition of fairness?
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Originally posted by sm
Each position can and should be defended on non-emotional grounds. Hopefully if people finally realize this we can reach a decision and move forward to more important things.
It's kind of hard to be non-emotional about the lives of human beings and such, because, well, humans are emotional creatures and, quite frankly, it's offensive to many when large segments of the supporters of one set of policies are racists and xenophobes.
But I get what you're saying. I disagree with most of your above premises, but, again, thanks for articulating them well.